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| 基本资料 | |
| 用语名称 | 真空中的球形鸡 |
|---|---|
| 用语出处 | 加拿大科学家凯伊的方法，后引申为物理学笑话 |
真空中的球形鸡源自一个物理学笑话。用于讽刺盲目简化条件假设前提、过度简化(物理)模型，以至于得出的结论完全不符合现实的情况。
笑话
经典美剧《生活大爆炸》第一季第九集中，实验物理学家莱纳德·霍夫斯塔德博士在高能粒子学讲座前想要先讲一个活跃气氛的笑话。
| “ | There is this farmer and he has these chickens. But they won't lay any eggs, so he calls a physicist to help. The physicist then does some calculations, and he says, "I have a solution, but it only works with spherical chickens in a vacuum."
有个农民，他养了一些鸡，但是它们不下蛋，所以他去找物理学家求救。这个物理学家便做了些计算，然后说：“我有个办法，不过只适用于真空中的球形鸡。” |
” |
笑话完整版为：
| “ | There is this farmer who is having problems with his chickens. All of the sudden, they are all getting very sick and he doesn't know what is wrong with them. After trying all conventional means, he calls a biologist, a chemist, and a physicist to see if they can figure out what is wrong. So the biologist looks at the chickens, examines them a bit, and says he has no clue what could be wrong with them. Then the chemist takes some tests and makes some measurements, but he can't come to any conclusions either. So the physicist tries. He stands there and looks at the chickens for a long time without touching them or anything. Then all of the sudden he starts scribbling away in a notebook. Finally, after several gruesome calculations, he exclaims, "I've got it! But it only works for spherical chickens in a vacuum."
有一个农民，他养的鸡出现了一些毛病：这些鸡突然生病了，但他不知道其中的原因。在尝试了所有的土办法之后，他叫来了一名生物学家、一名化学家和一名物理学家，看看他们能否找出问题所在。生物学家看看鸡，对他们进行了一番检查，表示不知道有什么问题。化学家做了一些测试和测量，但他也没能得出任何结论。于是物理学家开始了尝试。他站在那里，盯着鸡看了很长时间，并没有进行接触。突然，他开始在小本子上奋笔疾书。最后，经过几次复杂的计算，他声称：“我懂了！但这只适用于真空中的球形鸡。” |
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听懂了笑话的工程师霍华德和天体物理学家拉杰笑得前仰后合，后来正在和莱纳德怄气的尖酸刻薄的理论物理学家谢尔顿也承认这个笑话很“Hilarious”。
解释
在物理学中，为了让计算更简单，一个物体通常都会被假设为真空中的球形或是正方形。笑点在于现实中“真空中的球形鸡”这样的随意、盲目的前提根本不存在，但大家的确就是这么学物理的。
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